Scaling and root planing are common dental procedures that play a key role in the treatment of periodontitis, a chronic inflammation of the gums that can lead to tooth loss. Although these procedures are considered safe and effective, like any medical procedure, they carry certain risks and possible side effects. In this article, we will look at what complications can occur and how to prevent them.
Scaling is a process in which a dentist or dental hygienist removes tartar and bacterial plaque from the surface of the teeth, not only above the gum line, but also below it. Root planing is a deeper procedure that aims to clean the root of the tooth of bacterial debris and smooth its surface so that the gum can firmly attach again. These procedures are necessary to stop the progression of periodontal disease.
Possible side effects
Some common side effects may occur after the procedure. The most common complaint is increased tooth sensitivity – especially to heat, cold, sweet, or sour stimuli. This condition is temporary and usually resolves within a week or two. Bleeding and mild swelling of the gums are also common. These reactions are a natural part of the healing process and usually do not require medical intervention. Pain or discomfort after the procedure is usually mild and can be managed with common painkillers, such as ibuprofen.
What are the risks of scaling and root planing?
In rare cases, complications may occur that require medical attention. One of these is infection. Although the procedure is performed in a clean environment, weakened gums may be temporarily more susceptible to bacteria. If severe pain, fever, swelling, or purulent discharge occurs, professional help should be sought immediately.
Another possible risk is gum recession, i.e., their retreat. After the inflammation and tartar are removed, the gums often pull back, which can cause greater exposure of the tooth necks. Although this phenomenon is common and is associated with improved tissue condition, it can affect the appearance of the smile and tooth sensitivity. Some patients may also experience a temporary feeling of "looseness" of the teeth, especially if the gums and bone support have been significantly damaged. In exceptional cases, mechanical damage to the enamel or root cementum can also occur, especially if the procedure is performed unprofessionally.
How to minimize risks
The risks of these complications can be minimized in several ways. First, it is important to choose an experienced specialist – a dentist or hygienist with experience in periodontal care. Open communication is also essential: inform the doctor about tooth sensitivity, allergies, or previous experiences. In some cases, the procedure can be performed under local anesthesia, which will significantly reduce discomfort. After the procedure, it is necessary to follow the doctor’s instructions, use a soft toothbrush, avoid hard and irritating foods, and, if necessary, use prescribed mouthwashes. Prevention also plays a big role – regular home hygiene and check-ups with the dentist help prevent the disease from returning.
In conclusion
Scaling and root planing are effective and relatively safe procedures that can significantly improve the health of the oral cavity. Nevertheless, certain risks must be taken into account, especially in patients with advanced periodontitis or insufficient dental care. An informed approach, the right choice of a specialist, and consistent care after treatment are the key to minimizing complications and maintaining the results in the long term. Call us and we can explain these procedures in more detail, and make an appointment today!